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91.
A bstract . This investigation of American Indian underdevelopment is based on historical data on the Cherokee people which demonstrate how a self-sufficient people have been reduced to their present state of poverty and welfare dependence. Colonialism and the imposition of White control over Native institutions undermined the Cherokees' ability to innovate effectively. This hypothesis is substantiated by similar experiences of other tribes, as well as those of different indigenous groups , such as Alaska Natives , who have been more successful in preserving their traditional cultures. 相似文献
92.
Hybrid Choice Models: Progress and Challenges 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
Ben-Akiva Moshe Mcfadden Daniel Train Kenneth Walker Joan Bhat Chandra Bierlaire Michel Bolduc Denis Boersch-Supan Axel Brownstone David Bunch David S. Daly Andrew De Palma Andre Gopinath Dinesh Karlstrom Anders Munizaga Marcela A. 《Marketing Letters》2002,13(3):163-175
We discuss the development of predictive choice models that go beyond the random utility model in its narrowest formulation. Such approaches incorporate several elements of cognitive process that have been identified as important to the choice process, including strong dependence on history and context, perception formation, and latent constraints. A flexible and practical hybrid choice model is presented that integrates many types of discrete choice modeling methods, draws on different types of data, and allows for flexible disturbances and explicit modeling of latent psychological explanatory variables, heterogeneity, and latent segmentation. Both progress and challenges related to the development of the hybrid choice model are presented. 相似文献
93.
94.
We look at the growth experience of 25 transition countries over the 25 years since the dissolution of the USSR. The initial collapse in income was much more severe in 12 former Soviet Union countries (FSU12) than in the 10 transition countries that joined the EU in 2004 and 2007 (EU10). In 2015, FSU12 income levels were further behind EU10 than they were at the start of transition, despite more rapid growth in the last 15 years. Compared to predictions from a parsimonious growth model, the region as a whole is ‘normal’ in terms of growth performance since the 2000s. However, the FSU12 over-perform and the EU10 under-perform relative to model predictions for the last 15 years. 相似文献
95.
Clinton J. Levitt Morten Saaby Anders Sørensen 《The Australian journal of agricultural and resource economics》2017,61(2):211-231
We use data from the World Input‐Output Database in a multiregional input–output model to analyse Australian consumption‐based greenhouse gas emissions for the years 1995 to 2009. We find that the emission content of Australian macroeconomic activity has changed over the 15‐year period. Consumption‐based emissions have been growing faster than production‐based emissions since 2001. We show that emissions embodied in Australian imports are increasingly becoming a significant source of emissions. We investigate emissions in Australian imports and find that increased trade with China contributed substantially to the increase in Australia's consumption emissions. China was the largest exporter of emissions to Australia and accounted for almost half of emissions embodied in Australian imports since 2002. The growth of trade with China coincides with the increase in imported emissions as well as the increase in aggregate consumption emissions. Our results suggest that tracking consumption emissions together with production emissions provides a more complete picture of Australian emissions. 相似文献
96.
Derived from previous research on social influence on food consumption and social comparison theory, this article examines the effect of service employees’ appearance on consumers’ food choice using an experimental study, involving a video manipulation and eye‐tracking technique. The video shows a menu being proffered by a waitress whose degree of apparent healthiness varies (healthy, overweight, unhealthy lifestyle). The menu contains both healthy and unhealthy meal alternatives. The analysis of participants’ eye movements demonstrated that exposure to the overweight employee did not stimulate greater (i.e., earlier or longer) attention to unhealthy meal alternatives, whereas exposure to the employee who displayed an unhealthy lifestyle did. These findings have social and managerial implications: The postulated stigma according to which the presence of overweight others encourages unhealthy eating appears questionable. Service providers that might secretly hire according to body weight have no grounds to do so. In contrast, employees signaling an unhealthy lifestyle through their style choices prompt patrons to pay more attention to unhealthy meal alternatives. Food service providers might want to take this factor into consideration and actively manage the aspects that can be altered by simple measures. 相似文献
97.
A Simple Method of Incorporating Income Effects into Logit and Nested-Logit Models: Theory and Application 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Edward R. Morey Vijaya R. Sharma Anders Karlstrom 《American journal of agricultural economics》2003,85(1):248-253
Substantive income effects are incorporated in a logit or nested-logit model by assuming that utility is a piece-wise linear spline function of residual income. Specific income data are not required, only income by category. Expected compensating variation is easily and accurately approximated by the difference between expected maximum utility in the proposed and initial state, multiplied by the inverse of the individual's initial marginal utility of money. This approximation is almost exact because although any policy can, in theory, cause an individual to jump income categories, for most policies this probability will be very small. 相似文献
98.
Mogens Fosgerau Svend E. Hougaard Jensen & Anders Sørensen 《Review of Income and Wealth》2002,48(2):261-269
This paper investigates the magnitude of the mismeasurement that occurs when only a few education categories are used in the construction of a constant quality index for labor input. By employing a very comprehensive data set it is found that the error resulting from the omission of information on education is relatively small. The empirical results are thus supportive of the current state of practice of constructing indices of constant quality labor input. 相似文献
99.
Summary. This paper examines the proposition that homotheticity is equivalent to the property that (e.g., in the context of a production
function) the marginal rate of substitution is constant along any ray from the origin. This claim is made in many places,
but hitherto the prerequisites have not been stated explicitly. In the present contribution it is demonstrated that an additional
condition is required for the claim to hold. We present a theorem that achieves equivalence by also assuming ‘nowhere ray
constancy’. It turns out that this condition is implied by assumptions often made, e.g., in production theory. Further, a
complete characterization is given of the class of functions that satisfy ray constant marginal rates of substitution or,
somewhat more generally, a condition of ray parallel gradients. In addition to homothetic functions this class contains functions
homogeneous of degree 0 (i.e., ray constant) and functions which are homothetic in disjoint regions separated by regions of
ray constancy.
Received: November 5, 1999; revised version: October 31, 2000 相似文献
100.
This paper presents a study in a major pharmaceutical company of how team-based, knowledge-intensive work is positively affected by what we refer to as care. Organization theory directs much effort toward understanding how values, norms and cultures are shared, how they construct meaning and make sense within an organization. In addition, the ability to share experiences and know-how is a crucial activity in organizations. This paper presents a framework for knowledge-creation in a relational, sensemaking perspective where the notion of care, the ability to establish interpersonal, sensemaking mechanisms, is the underlying key factor behind knowledge-creation in team-based organizations. 相似文献